In 2015, BOEM published 'Characterizing Tribal Cultural Landscapes,' that provides guidance for tribal consultation in advance of proposed undertakings.

When tree removal is needed in NPS cultural landscapes, the preservation objective is generally to replace contributing trees in order to preserve the historic character. These considerations for planning, planting, and establishment will make your tree replacement project a success.

Selecting nursery stock or creating specifications for planting can have a large impact on successful plant establishment in the cultural landscape.

Learn how to gain access to the collection of Cultural Landscape Guidance Documents on the Integrated Resource Management Applications (IRMA).

Learn more about the symptoms and treatment of fire blight, a common disease that affects plants in the rose family, including apples, pear, and peach.

Over several decades, NPS staff at National Capital Parks East (NACE) has been converting areas from mowed turf into grassy meadow. Learn their process in this resource!

A collection of reference materials that assist maintenance workers in caring for vegetation significant to the historic character of a cultural landscape.

The Preservation Horticulture Workshop provides participants with the foundation of maintaining trees and shrubs in a historic cultural landscape.

The Guide for Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative (COTR) on Cultural Landscape Report Contracts provides technical information for NPS staff.

Tree topping is a drastic pruning practice used to reduce the height of a tree. Learn steps to mitigate the effects of poor pruning or damage to the top of the tree.

This video identifies considerations for replacing trees in historic landscapes, from selection to replanting techniques.

Fruitful Legacy explores U.S. orchards and provides technical guidance, illustrations and tables, relevant organizations, and an extensive bibliography.

The Cultural Landscape Report Collection is available to parks & the public through IRMA. CLRs are used in many aspects of National Park Service management.

Learn more about the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid and discover potential ways to control the spread of disease to hemlock trees.

The Cultural Landscapes Inventory (CLI) report collection is available to parks and the public through IRMA.

The Cultural Landscape Inventory (CLI) Professional Procedures Guide defines the data elements, organization, and methodology of the CLI.

Preservation basics of the National Park Service, including guiding legislation and preservation maintenance such as preservation horticulture.

This is an introduction to cultural landscapes of the National Park Service. The video is an overview of how cultural landscapes are defined and managed.

Learn more about the best practices for turf management as part of preservation maintenance of historic properties.

A video introduction to bridge grafting from Buckner Orchard. The technique is used to stabilize historic fruit trees.

This video of a replacement planting at historic Chatham Gardens demonstrates considerations for planting boxwood hedges in historic gardens.

These videos introduce turf management in cultural landscapes, including a history of turfgrass & how turfgrass can be managed to reflect historic character.

Learn the three components of creating defensible space in a cultural landscape and review a example from the field that successfully uses these components.

A Guide to Cultural Landscape Reports describes their content, process, and format, with techniques for research, documentation, and evaluation.

Chapter 7 of the National Park Service Cultural Resource Management Guideline provides procedural guidance for the management of cultural landscapes.